Windows
NT Workstation 5.0 is, at first glance, very similar to Windows 95,
Windows 98, and Windows NT 4.0. This is, of course, by design: Microsoft
feels that the "Cairo" user interface introduced with Windows
95 is working well, though they have decided to tweak it in several
areas. Like Window 98 and later versions of Windows 95, Windows NT 5.0 is
integrated with Internet Explorer, though NT 5.0 features a newer version
of IE, version 5.0. Day-to-day use of Windows NT 5.0 is, therefore,
notably similar to previous versions of Windows although there are many
improvements as described in the next section. Windows NT 5.0 Setup
features a Setup Wizard called Setup Manager that simplifies
installation in a welcome manner.
While this is still a beta, I do have a
few quibbles with Setup Manager: The option to install NT to the hard
disk of your choice is unclearly hidden under an "Advanced"
button in an early dialog box. The first time I tried to install NT, it
tried to overwrite my 98 install on the C: drive. And there is no option,
ala Windows 95/8 and NT 4.0, to do a custom install. As a result, the
system installed a bunch of features I didn't want, including
accessibility features, a fax program, games, and other similar drivel.
Most damning here is that there is no way to remove this stuff
once it's installed: The otherwise excellent Add/Remove Programs
applet doesn't offer any way to remove these components. It's a minor
irritation now, but if it ships this way, a lot of people are going to be
upset. This kind of oversight is known as a regression bug: the
newer product (NT 5.0) has removed a feature that was present in the
previous (4.0) version.
Other than that, the Setup Manager is
quite nice and it offers you two basic types of installation: Upgrade
(over Windows 3.1, Windows 95/8, or NT 3.51/4.0) or Install. The second
option will setup a dual-boot menu so you can boot between Windows NT 5.0
and whatever other operating systems you might already have installed. At
this early stage in the beta, I do not recommend upgrading anything other
than Windows NT 4.0 and even that may have complications. While NT 5.0 is
extremely stable, I can't recommend wiping out a perfectly good OS just
to use it. Go the dual-boot method (Install, not Upgrade) and all will be
well, assuming you have an extra partition to install it to.
Aside from providing my name, a machine
name, my workgroup name, and an IP address (because my home network does
not use DHCP), the install proceeded with little input from me. About 30
minutes later, I was presented with the NT 5.0 login dialog box, and the
system was ready to go. After logging in, I got my first surprise: NT
5.0 automatically recognized my sound card! I don't know of anyone
who got NT 4.0 to automatically install their sound card, and maybe I'm
just a geek, but hearing the startup sound brought a smile to my face.
This has never happened before with NT. I took a quick look around the
Shell and decided that any existing Windows user will be quite at home
here. Let's take a look at the new features in the user interface. Â In late 1996, Microsoft took the first
steps to correcting this problem with the development of the
"Slate" management tool, which eventually became known as the
Microsoft Management Console (MMC). The MMC made its debut in late 1997
with Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack, and it is fully integrated with Windows
NT 5.0 as well. The NT 5.0 version of MMC is used to manage virtually
every aspect of your system, from users, services, and events to disk
management (including defragmentation) and system information.
Windows NT Workstation doesn't offer the
wide array of management options that comes with Server, but the list is
still quite impressive (Picture):
And by using a single management
console, Microsoft has made it easy to manage your system: No need to
hunt around for the right tool, just right-click My Computer and choose
Manage. What could be easier? And the MMC is configurable, so you can
make your own custom consoles. Let's say you use User Manager, Internet
Services, and Index Server a lot: Simply open a blank console, add those
plug-ins, and save a shortcut. Custom consoles are a snap! And perhaps
best of all, the MMC works over networks and the Internet so you can
manage remote sites as well. In NT 5.0, there's a new game in town.
While NT 5.0 will, of course, support the older method of installing
programs, Microsoft has created a new way to install programs and a new
Add/Remove Programs (Picture) to manage
this task. In the NT 5.0 world, Applications register themselves with the
system, which tracks any changes the application makes to DLLs and the
like. Windows NT 5.0 is smart enough to prevent programs from overwriting
newer DLLs and it will repair itself if an errant app does somehow manage
to screw something up. And the Add/Remove Programs applet, which is now
an HTML form, will give applications vendors a rich environment for
supporting its users, with a place to record support information,
including phone number, product ID, version number, and the like. What
this all adds up to is a kinder, gentler Windows. Obviously, we'll be
dealing with old-style apps for years to come, but Windows NT 5.0 is the
first step toward a total exorcism of this problem and it looks like
Microsoft is heading in the right direction. Also, there are many types of hardware
that aren't yet supported, including most scanners and digital cameras,
USB devices (I tried a USB Connectix--now Logitech--Web camera, which NT
5.0 sees as a "Generic USB Printer" (Picture)),
and Voodoo/Voodoo 2 video cards (these are the cards that you plug in
alongside your existing PCI video card). ACPI power management in this
release is limited to a very small number of chipsets, presumably because
of problems in early releases. On my Pentium II 400, for example, Windows
98 can shut the system down completely, but Windows NT 5.0 Beta 2 gives
me a "You may now shut down your computer" screen. Microsoft
will support a much wider range of machines by Beta 3, I'm sure. And I
had some curious problems trying to connect to IIS 5.0 from Visual
InterDev until I read the release notes: There's a quickie work-around to
this problem.
User interface improvements
At
first glance, the Windows NT 5.0 user interface is virtually identical to
the one you're used to in Windows 95/8 and NT 4.0 (Picture).
But it doesn't take long to realize that there are lots of little things
that have changed, and while some of them may be disarming at first, it
quickly becomes clear that there is a rhyme and reason to these changes.
The Windows NT 5.0 user interface has been simplified, modified, and
overhauled into a virtual work of art. All the features I've begged for
have been added, as have some features I never knew I needed until I saw
them. I won't dwell on any features that were added in Windows 98, though
they are all here. Here's the run-down of new Windows NT 5.0 user
interface features.
The goal of all of this is to make NT
feature-rich while keeping it even simpler than Windows 98. While I agree
that this is probably the case, subtle differences may be momentarily
more confusing (and therefore, arguably less simple) to existing Windows
users. Regardless, you can't really complain about the host of new user
interface enhancements.
Multimedia features
Despite
the fact that Windows NT 5.0 isn't aimed at the home user, Microsoft saw
fit to add just about every multimedia feature from Windows 98 and then
some. I may as well mention the one omission right off the bat: NT 5.0
will not include WebTV for Windows because of marketing reasons (and
general laziness, in my opinion: There was quite an outcry for this
feature at the NT 5.0 Technical Reviewers Workshop).
Anyway, game players and other multimedia users will not be disappointed
in NT 5.0. In addition to full hardware support for DirectX 6.0 (yes, you
read that right: HARDWARE support, just like Windows 98), Windows NT 5.0
will support the full list of Windows multimedia features including:
One other interesting note: It's only a
matter of time before NT 5.0 is acknowledged as the premier gaming
platform. When you combine the robust and secure NT subsystem with full
hardware support in DirectX 6.0, it doesn't take a rocket scientist to
figure out the NT stands head and shoulders above Windows 98.
System management features
One
of the big goals when Microsoft developed Windows 95 (think back a bit
now) was to remove the confusing array of "Manager" programs in
Windows 3.1 (such as File Manager, Program Manager, Print Manager, etc.).
It was a laudable goal, but Microsoft committed the same sin all over
again with the management tools in Windows NT 4.0. If you look through
your "Administrative Tools" folder in NT 4.0, you'll see a
bewildering array of programs, and adding any of the BackOffice servers,
like Exchange, SQL Server, or SMS just adds to the confusing list of
possibilities.
It's worth noting that while most of these
tools are simple replacements for similar tools in NT 4.0, the very act
of placing them in the MMC makes them more powerful and easier to use.
For example, the Services plug-in is a direct replacement for the
Services Control Panel applet in NT 4.0. Because it's now hosted in the
MMC, you can sort services by Name, State (Stopped or Running), Start
Mode (Auto or Manual), Service Type (Share Process or Own Process), Path,
Error Control (Normal or Ignore), and more. Want to see a list of the
running services? No problem: Just click one button.
Applications and applications management
Technically,
this is a management topic, but the way Windows NT 5.0 handles
applications and applications management is worthy of its own heading.
Consider the old Windows 95/8/NT 4.0 way of installing and managing an
application: You run the installation program, typically from a setup.exe
file. The application installs itself on your computer and, hopefully,
provides an entry for itself in Add/Remove Programs. If you'd like to
modify the installation of the application later (add or remove
components, or delete the whole thing), you visit Add/Remove programs,
perform your change and hope it works. With this method, there are all
kinds of problems: First of all, you have to hope the program
"follows the rules" for Add/Remove Programs. Some applications
let you add and remove components while others just remove the program
when you choose it from Add/Remove programs. And then there's the
"DLL hell" problem: Applications add older DLLs, screwing up
other applications. Or when you uninstall the program, it actually asks
you whether you want to keep certain DLLs or delete them. It's the
software equivalent of Russian Roulette.
What's
missing?
With all this good news about
Windows NT 5.0, you may be wondering why they don't just ship it. Well,
it may look ready, but there is still some work to do under the hood.
Because this is a beta release and not the final code, there are some
(admittedly small) performance issues when you compare an NT 5.0 system
with a similar Windows 98 or Windows NT 4.0 install. There are occasional
small pauses when you click on a button or select a program from the
Start Menu, for example.
You're probably getting the idea that
none of these issues are huge, and you're right. It's a good sign when
you have to haggle over the small stuff.
Conclusion
Well,
what can I say: I plan to use this operating system on a daily basis for
some time to come, and I can't think of any higher praise than that.
Unlike the clumsy misfire that was Beta 1, Windows NT 5.0 Beta 2 is,
finally, a worthy owner of the NT name and a successful step into the
future of computing. There isn't a single issue with this OS that
qualifies as serious and it's certainly more stable than Windows 95/8.
Whether it will prove to be more stable and robust when compared to
Windows NT 4.0 is another story, and one that I will be unable to tell
until I've spent more time with it. But my preliminary view of Beta 2 is
nothing but good news: Microsoft has a serious winner on its hands. Kudos
to the NT development team for a job well done.
